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MOST COMMON GENETIC PROBLEMS



Some of the most common genetic problems are shown in the picture below and the explanations of the terms. This does NOT mean that Pugs as a breed are unhealthy and that you will find these conditions in ALL Pugs. What this page shows are genetic conditions that CAN occur and that REPUTABLE BREEDERS are trying to screen for and eradicate from their lines. This page is to give YOU, as a potential puppy owner, an idea of what to ask breeders about.


PUG DOG ENCEPHALITIS Swelling of the brain Characterized by seizures, usually before the age of 2. The seizures increase in length and severity and cannot be maintained by the use of medications as can epilepsy or acquired encephalitis. PDE cannot be positively diagnosed other than an autopsy on the brainstem. Research is ongoing on PDE but at this time it is thought to be genetic in origin and therefore follows in a "line" or "family" of Pugs.
ENTROPIAN The rolling of the eyelid/s into the eye. Due to the shape of the Pug's head, placement of the eyes and the over-nose wrinkle, this condition is common. It will cause the hairs or eyelashes to rub on the eye causing irritation. Generally, it will be only the inner corner of the bottom eyelid involved and as the Pug grows and matures the problem self-corrects. Surgery can correct this problem but should be done only AFTER the Pug has stopped growing(usually around 3 years of age) as surgery before this could cause bigger eye problems in the future. Diagnoses should be done ONLY by a qualified canine opthamolgist.
DISTACHIASIS Eyelashes growing on the inside of the lid. Not as common as entropian but also causes irritation on the eye as the dog blinks. Can be one hair or many. Can be corrected surgically.
HEMI-VERTEBRAE Incomplete or abnormal fusion of the vertebrae. Common in screw-tailed and bob-tailed breeds like Boston Terriers, Bulldogs,Pugs.Can be diagnosed by an ex-ray of the spine.
HIP DYSPLASIA Hip bone out or loosely seated in the socket. Mild dysplasia is usually without syptoms in the Pug due to their stocky, muscular build. Severe dysplasis can lead to pain and arthritis in later life.
ELBOW DYSPLASIA Incorrect development of the elbow bones. Affected animals are more likely to experience pain because of their build.Surgery may be required to correct.
PATTELLAR LUXATION Slipping knee caps. Can also be a result of injury. Mild luxation causes some discomfort with high levels of activity.
ELONGATED PALATE/COLLAPSING TRACHEA Just as it reads. One usually goes with the other. Associated with "Pug-nosed" or "short-faced" dogs. Vet exam can determine. Can cause breathing problems.